Strobe light and laser beam detection for laser receiver

ABSTRACT

A laser receiver detects a thin beam of laser light and distinguishes between the beam of laser light and an omni-directional pulse of light from a strobe by the use of an additional photo-detector. The device takes into account the possibility that the additional photo-detector could be illuminated simultaneously with the main photo-detectors at the end of the main photo-detectors closest to the additional photo-detector.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Not applicable.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not Applicable.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to equipment of the type used in surveyingand construction and, more particularly, to a detector device for suchapplications which has an improved photo-detector arrangement fordetecting the position of reference light. The light may typically be arotating laser beam that defines a reference plane of light or astationary reference plane or cone of laser light. The reference planemay be horizontal or inclined, as dictated by the application.

Laser systems have commonly been employed in surveying and constructionin which a laser beam is rotated in either a horizontal or a gradedplane. U.S. Pat. No. 4,062,634, issued Dec. 13, 1977, to Rando,illustrates a laser transmitter that provides such a rotating referencebeam. The rotating beam defines a reference plane from which variousmeasurements can be made. For example, the elevation of a point remotefrom the laser transmitter may be measured using a rod on which a laserreceiver is mounted. The bottom of the rod rests on the ground, and theoperator adjusts the receiver along the rod to a position where itintercepts the laser beam, as indicated by a display on the receiver.One such laser receiver is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,240,208, issued Jun.30, 1987, to Pehrson. Another laser receiver is shown in published U.S.patent application Ser. No. 09/965,661, filed Sep. 27, 2001 andpublished Mar. 27, 2003 as Publication No. 2003/0058446A1.

Laser receivers operating at construction sites may be illuminated by anumber of extraneous light sources that must be ignored or at leastdistinguished from the laser beam. For example, some types of lasertransmitters provide an indication of the azimuth angle of the laserbeam relative to a reference direction by transmitting a strobe pulse oflight once during each beam rotation. Further, it is common for strobelights to be used as warning lights at a construction site where machinecontrol and surveying operations are taking place.

It will be appreciated, therefore, that a laser receiver operating insuch an environment must be able to distinguish between illumination bya laser beam and illumination by a pulse of light from a strobe source.One way to distinguish between the two is to provide separate detectorelements for the laser light and the strobe light, each with opticalfilters to screen out light except for the frequencies of interest. Thismay not always be completely effective, however, and in addition to theunwanted interference, the optical filters may also attenuate light tosome degree at all frequencies, reducing the sensitivity of thereceiver.

It is seen, therefore, that there is a need for a device and method fordetecting light from a laser transmitter and from strobe sources, andfor distinguishing between the two.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This need is met by a method and device according to the presentinvention for detecting a moving, relatively thin beam of laser light,and distinguishing between such a moving, relatively thin beam of laserlight and an omni-directional pulse of light. The method may include thestep of positioning a plurality of photo-detectors in a generallyvertical row. Each of the photo-detectors provides an electrical outputwhen illuminated. An additional photo-detector is positioned at a pointremote from the plurality of photo-detectors. A portion of theelectrical output of each photo-detector in the row is provided as afirst reference signal related to the spacing of the photo-detector froma first end of the row. A portion of the electrical output of eachphoto-detector in the row is provided as a second reference signalrelated to the spacing of the photo-detector from the second end of therow. The electrical output of the additional photo-detector is providedas a third reference signal. When the third reference signal is ofsufficiently low amplitude, it is interpreted as indicating asimultaneous illumination of one or more of the photo-detectors in therow as illumination by a thin beam of laser light. When the thirdreference signal is of sufficiently high amplitude, it may beinterpreted as indicating a simultaneous illumination of one or more ofthe photo-detectors in the row as illumination by an omni-directionalpulse of light.

The step of positioning an additional photo-detector at a point remotefrom the plurality of photo-detectors may comprise the step ofpositioning the additional photo-detector at a point closer to the firstend of the row than to the second end of the row. The step ofinterpreting may further include the step of interpreting a thirdreference signal of sufficiently high amplitude as indicatingsimultaneous illumination of one or more of the photo-detectors in therow as illumination by an omni-directional pulse of light only if thefirst reference signal is less than a value set at approximately fourtimes the third reference signal and also the first reference signal isless than a value set at approximately twice the second referencesignal.

This method may further comprise the step of determining the position ofthe beam of laser light with respect to the row based on the levels ofthe first and second reference signals from the row of photo-detectorsin the event that illumination of the photo-detectors by a moving,relatively thin beam of laser light is indicated.

The method according to the present invention may include the step ofproviding a plurality of photo-detectors which produce first and secondreference signals indicative of the vertical position of the thin beamof laser light with respect to upper and lower limits of detection ofthe plurality of photo-detectors. An additional photo-detector isprovided at a point remote from the plurality of photo-detectors. Afirst reference signal related to the spacing of the thin beam of laserlight from the upper limit of detection of the plurality ofphoto-detectors, and a second reference signal related to the spacing ofthe thin beam of laser light from the lower limit of detection of theplurality of photo-detectors are then provided. The electrical output ofthe additional photo-detector is provided as a third reference signal. Athird reference signal of sufficiently low amplitude is interpreted asindicating a simultaneous illumination of the plurality ofphoto-detectors as illumination by a thin beam of laser light. A thirdreference signal of sufficiently high amplitude may be interpreted asindicating simultaneous illumination of the plurality of photo-detectorsas illumination by an omni-directional pulse of light. The plurality ofphoto-detectors may comprise first and second photo-detectors, whichextend vertically between the upper and lower limits of detection, thefirst photo-detector being wider adjacent the upper limit of detectionand narrower adjacent the lower limit of detection, and the secondphoto-detector being wider adjacent the lower limit of detection andnarrower adjacent the upper limit of detection. Alternatively, theplurality of photo-detectors may comprise a plurality of photo-detectorsarranged in a generally vertical row extending between the upper andlower limits of detection.

A device according to the present invention for detecting a moving,relatively thin beam of laser light, and distinguishing betweenillumination of photo-detectors by such a moving, relatively thin beamof laser light, and illumination of photo-detectors by anomni-directional pulse of light, includes a plurality of photo-detectorsarranged in a generally vertical row. Each of the photo-detectorelements provides an electrical output when illuminated. A weightingcircuit is associated with the plurality of photo-detectors. Theweighting circuit provides a portion of the electrical output of eachphoto-detector as a first reference signal related to the spacing of thephoto-detector from a first end of the row, and a portion of theelectrical output of each photo-detector as a second reference signalrelated to the spacing of the photo-detector from a second end of therow. An additional photo-detector, positioned at a point remote from theplurality of photo-detectors, provides an electrical output as a thirdreference signal. Circuitry, responsive to the reference signals,interprets a third reference signal of sufficiently low amplitude asindicating simultaneous illumination of one or more of thephoto-detectors in the row as illumination by a thin beam of laserlight. The circuitry may interpret a third reference signal ofsufficiently high amplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination ofone or more of the photo-detectors in the row as illumination by anomni-directional pulse of light.

The additional photo-detector may be positioned at a point closer to thefirst end of the row than to the second end of the row. The circuitrymay then interpret a third reference signal of sufficiently highamplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination of one or more of thephoto-detectors in the row as illumination by an omni-directional pulseof light only if the first reference signal is less than a value set atapproximately four times the third reference signal and also the firstreference signal is less than a value set at approximately twice thesecond reference signal.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide adevice and method for detecting the relative position of referencelight; to provide such a device and method in which a plurality ofphoto-detectors and an additional photo-detector, remote from theplurality, permit the distinction to be made between a beam of laserlight and an omni-directional pulse of light, such as light from astrobe source.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing description, the accompanying drawings and the appendedclaims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front view of a device according to the present inventionfor detecting a relatively thin beam of laser light, and distinguishingbetween illumination of photo-detectors by such a relatively thin beamof laser light, and illumination of photo-detectors by anomni-directional pulse of light;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of circuitry included in the device ofFIGS. 1 and 2; and

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of alternative circuitry to that of FIG.3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Reference is made to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, which illustrate a detectiondevice 10, constructed according to the present invention. The devicedetects reference light, such as laser light, and provides an indicationof the location of the reference light with respect to the device. Thedevice may also detect reference strobe pulses, as well.

The detector device 10 includes a display 12, and a photo-detectorarrangement 14 positioned in window or aperture 16 defined by case 18. Asecond photo-detector arrangement (not shown) is positioned in window16′ on the back side of the case 18, so that a laser source from eitherside of the device will be detected. The detector device 10 is switchedon by control switch 20, and then positioned at the approximate heightof the reference light. The light strikes the photo-detector arrangement14, and an output circuit 22 provides an indication on display 12 of theposition of the reference plane of light with respect to the detectordevice, and specifically with respect to the reference notches 21 ineither side of the case 18. The display 12 indicates whether the lightis between the upper and lower limits of detection defined by thephoto-detector arrangement 14. If the beam of light is indicated asbetween the detection limits, the display 12 indicates whether the beamof light is above, below, or within a centered reference band. Theheight of this reference band can be set to either of several dimensionswith switch 26.

The output circuit 22 is responsive to the relative levels of the firstand second reference signals on lines 23 and 24, respectively, providedby the photo-detector arrangement 14 and determines the position of thereference light based on the relative amplitudes of those signals. Inthe illustrated embodiment, the display 12, which may for example be anLCD display, may include a pair of arrows and a bar. An up or down arrowis displayed if the beam is below or above the reference band,respectively. The bar is displayed if the beam is within the band. In analternative display configuration, the arrows may be replaced by a pairof triangular elements that point toward the center bar. Each of thetriangular elements is made up of a series of generally horizontal bars.The bars are switched ON individually to indicate with greater precisionthe distance by which the detected light is positioned above or belowthe center reference. As a further alternative, the device may beprovided with no display, and with the output from the output circuit 22being supplied directly to a machine control circuit.

The photo-detector arrangement 14 includes a plurality ofphoto-detectors comprising PIN diodes CR2, CR3, CR4, CR5, CR6, CR7, CR8,CR9, CR10, CR11, CR12, and CR13, positioned on the device and arrangedin a generally vertically oriented row. Each of the plurality ofphoto-detector CR2-CR13 produces an electrical output when illuminatedwith the reference laser light, or with other light of sufficientintensity.

The photo-detector arrangement 14 further includes a weighting circuit30. The weighting circuit 30 includes resistors R1-R4 and R6-R13,inductors L1 and L2 (shunting D.C. sunlight current), and tappedtransformer T1. Each of the plurality of photo-detectors CR2-CR13 isconnected to the transformer T1, either directly or through one or moreof the resistors. The weighting circuit provides a portion of theelectrical output of each photo-detector as a component of the firstreference signal on line 23, related to the spacing of thephoto-detector from the upper end of the row. The weighting circuit alsoprovides a portion of the electrical output of each photo-detector as acomponent of the second reference signal on line 24, related to thespacing of the photo-detector from the lower end of the row. Theweighting circuit 30 is configured such that the first reference signalon line 23 increases as the light moves toward the upper end of the rowof PIN diodes, and the second reference signal on line 24 increases asthe light moves toward the lower end of the row. Conversely, the firstreference signal on line 23 decreases as the light moves toward thelower end of the row of PIN diodes CR2-CR13, and the second referencesignal on line 24 decreases as the light moves toward the upper end ofthe row. When the light is in the middle of the row, the levels of thetwo reference signals on lines 23 and 24 are equal. The output circuit22 responds to relative levels of the first and second reference signalson lines 23 and 24 to determine the position of the reference plane oflight.

The weighting circuit 30 provides reference current level signals onlines 23 and 24 in the following manner. Assume that only PIN diode CR4is illuminated. The output current from diode CR4 will be supplied tonode 32 of transformer T1. Approximately ⅚th of the current will passthrough coil 34 to line 23, while ⅙th of the current will pass throughcoils 36, 38, 40, 42, and 44 to line 24. In similar fashion, assume thatthe reference light has moved such that only PIN diode CR9 isilluminated. The output current from PIN diode CR9 will be supplied tonode 46 of transformer T1. Approximately 4/6th of the current from diodeCR9 will pass through coils 42 and 44 to line 24, while 2/6th of thecurrent will pass through coils 34, 36, 38, and 40 to line 23. Thus theway in which the diode current is split and supplied to lines 23 and 24gives an indication of which of the diodes is illuminated and,therefore, the position of the reference light.

It will be noted that a number of the photo-detectors are not connecteddirectly to a tap of the transformer T1. For example, diode CR3 has itsoutput supplied to node 48. The current at node 48 is then split, withhalf passing through resistor R1 to line 23, and the other half passingthrough resistor R2 to node 32. At node 32, ⅚th of this half of thecurrent passes through coil 34 to line 23, and the remaining ⅙th of thishalf of the current passes through coils 36, 38, 40, 42, and 44 to line24. This results in approximately 11/12th of the current being suppliedto line 23.

It will be appreciated that the reference light may commonly illuminatemore than one of the PIN diodes CR2-CR13 at a time. This may occurbecause the size of the reference beam of laser light is significantlygreater than the size of the photo-detectors. Further, thermal gradientsin the air through which the laser light passes may result in rapidpositional fluctuation of the beam, effectively illuminating a number ofphoto-detectors at once as the beam flutters between the elements. Theweighting circuit 30 of the present invention splits the current fromeach of the multiple photo-detectors in dependence upon the position ofthe photo-detectors in the row. As a consequence, the resulting signallevels on lines 23 and 24 are the sums of the various illuminatedphoto-detectors and these signal levels accurately reflect the averageposition of the middle of the beam.

In this regard, note that a reference beam of light that is centered onthe row will illuminate at least both diodes CR7 and CR8, providingequal current levels on lines 23 and 24. Any movement of the lightupward from the centered position will result in an immediate increasein the current to line 23 and a decrease in the current to line 24.Similarly, any movement of the light downward from the centered positionwill result in an immediate increase in the current to line 24 and adecrease in the current to line 23. This sensitivity in the middle ofthe row of photo-detectors is possible as a result of having an evennumber of photo-detectors in the row. If an odd number ofphoto-detectors were to be provided in the row, and a very small beam oflight detected, it is possible that vertical movement of the beam inthis region could occur without moving the beam off of the centerphoto-detector and without any change in the measured position.

The output circuit 22 preferably includes a separate filter circuit,current-to-voltage amplifier circuit, and peak detection and holdcircuit connected in series to each of lines 23 and 24 for processingthe first and second reference signals on those lines. Preferably thereference signals are converted to digital form. The relative levels ofthe processed first and second reference signals are assessed by outputcircuit 22 to determine the position of the reference plane of lightwith respect to row of PIN diodes CR2-CR13. This can be accomplished ina variety of ways. For instance, if the relative levels of the first andsecond reference signals on lines 23 and 24 change linearly as the lightmoves up and down the row, the reference light will be spaced along therow by a fraction of the row length that is equal to the fraction of oneof the reference signals divided by the sum of the first and secondreference signals. By this technique, it will be appreciated that theabsolute intensity of the light striking the photo-detectors isimmaterial. Rather, it is the relative levels of the two referencesignals from the circuit 30 that define the position of the referencelight. Alternatively, the ratio of the first and second referencesignals may be taken and used as the address for a table look upalgorithm. It will be appreciated that the position of the referencelight may be categorized in broad or narrow bands, or specified with anylevel of precision desired.

An additional photo-detector 50 is positioned at a point remote from theplurality of photo-detectors, for providing an electrical output as athird reference signal. The output circuit 22 is responsive to the tothe third reference signal on line 53. As seen in FIG. 1, thephoto-detector 50 is positioned in window 55 which is generally alignedwith, but spaced from, the window 16 in which the photo-detectorarrangement 14 is positioned. A similar photo-detector (not shown) isprovided in a window 55′ on the back of the case 18, as seen in FIG. 2.

The additional photo-detectors are used to distinguish betweenillumination from strobe light pulses and illumination from a narrowlaser beam. The output circuit 22 interprets a third reference signal ofsufficiently low amplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination ofone or more of the photo-detectors in the row as illumination by a thinbeam of laser light. This is because the beam of laser light issufficiently narrow that it is unlikely to illuminate both thephoto-detectors CR2-CR13 and the photo-detector 50 at the same time. Anillumination of all of the photo-detectors at the same instant includingthe photo-detector 50, on the other hand, and the generation of a thirdreference signal of relatively high amplitude is likely to result from apulse of omni-directional light, such as for example a pulse of lightfrom a strobe. The output circuit 22 will so interpret such asufficiently high amplitude third reference signal.

Although not shown in FIG. 3, the second photo-detector arrangementpositioned in window 16′ and the additional photo-detector in window 55′on the back side of the case 18 also provide inputs to weightingcircuitry identical to that shown in FIG. 3. The signals from thisweighting circuit are then provided to output circuitry 22 forinterpretation in the same manner as described above.

It will be appreciated that photo-detector 50 is not spaced from the row14 of photo-detectors by a large distance. This spacing is limited dueto the desire to place the photo-detector 50 on the same circuit boardthat carries the balance of the photo-detectors. As a consequence it issomewhat more likely that the photo-detector CR2 and the additionalphoto-detector 50 might be illuminated simultaneously by a widelyfluctuating beam of laser light than it is that the photo-detector CR13and additional photo-detector 50 might be illuminated simultaneously bysuch a beam. The circuit 22 takes this into account by using a formulathat looks at the signal amplitudes on lines 23 and 24 and is morelikely to detect a beam strike if the light sensed is close to the endof the photo-detector row closest the additional photo-detector 50.Basically, if the third reference signal on line 53 is of sufficientlyhigh amplitude a strobe pulse is detected if the first reference signalon line 23 is less than four times the third reference signal on line 53and also the first reference signal on line 23 is less than twice thesecond reference signal on line 24. If desired a strobe pulse may bedetected if the third reference signal on line 53 is of sufficientlyhigh amplitude and if the first reference signal on line 23 is less thana value set as approximately four times the third reference signal online 53 and also the first reference signal on line 23 is less than avalue set as approximately twice the second reference signal on line 24.

FIG. 4 schematically illustrates circuitry 100 which may be used in lieuof the circuitry of FIG. 3. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, a photodetectorarrangement 102, consisting of first and second photo-detectors 104 and106, is provided in place of the row of discrete PIN diodes CR2-CR13found in the embodiment of FIG. 3. Photo-detectors 104 and 106 extendvertically, with the photo-detector 106 being wider adjacent the upperlimit of detection and narrower adjacent the lower limit of detection,and the photo-detector 104 being wider adjacent the lower limit ofdetection and narrower adjacent the upper limit of detection. The firstand second photo-detectors 104 and 106 provide first and secondreference signals one lines 110 and 112, respectively, indicative of thevertical position of the thin beam of laser light 108 with respect tothe upper and lower limits of detection. It will be appreciated that asa beam of laser light sweep across the photo-detectors 104 and 106, theamplitudes of the outputs on lines 110 and 112 will be dependant uponthe relative height of the beam. The higher the beam, the more energywill be received by photo-detector 106 and the greater the output online 112. Similarly, a downward shift in position of the beam willresult in the amplitude of the signal on line 110 increasing.

The outputs on lines 110 and 112 are amplified and peak detected bycircuits 113 and 114, respectively. It will be appreciated that thewedge shaped photo-detectors eliminate the need for a weighting circuit,such as circuit 30 in FIG. 3. The device includes an additionalphoto-detector. 115, positioned at a point remote from the first andsecond photo-detectors 104 and 106, for providing an electrical outputas a third reference signal on line 117. The output on line 117 isamplified and peak detected by circuit 119.

A circuit 122 includes an analog-to-digital converter 134 to transformthe first, second, and third processor outputs 116, 120 and 121 intodigital representations. The output of the analog to digital converter134 is coupled to a processor 136 which then computes beam position bycomparing the digital representations of the signals on lines 116 and120. This assumes, of course, that the processor has determined that thesignals on outputs 116 and 120 are the result of a laser beam strike onthe photo-detectors 104 and 106.

The processor 136 is also coupled to a memory device 138, which providesoperating instructions and memory locations for completing the necessarycomputations to determine beam position. Additionally, the processor maybe used to drive any number of output devices such a display 140, whichprovides a visual indication of beam position determined by theprocessor 136.

As stated above, the processor 136 makes a determination as to whetherthe device has been illuminated with a thin beam of laser light or abroad pulse of essentially omni-directional light, such as a strobe. Forthis purpose, processor 136 interprets a third reference signal that isof sufficiently low amplitude as indicating that the simultaneousillumination of one or both of the photo-detectors 104 and 106 asillumination by a thin beam of laser light. That processor 136 mayinterpret a third reference signal of a sufficiently high amplitude asindicating that the simultaneous illumination of one or more of thephoto-detectors 104 and 106 results from an omni-directional pulse oflight.

In the example, the additional photo-detector 115 is positioned at apoint closer to one limit of detection than to the other limit ofdetection. Specifically, the photo-detector 115 may be positioned closerto the limit of detection at the broad end of photo-detector 104. Itwill be appreciated that this could be either the upper or lower limitof detection, depending on the design of the device. The circuitryinterprets a third reference signal of sufficiently high amplitude asindicating simultaneous illumination by an omni-directional pulse oflight only if the first reference signal is less than a value set atapproximately four times the third reference signal and also the firstreference signal is less than a value set at approximately twice thesecond reference signal.

While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown forpurposes of illustrating the invention, it will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art that various changes in the methods and apparatusdisclosed herein may be made without departing from the scope of theinvention, which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for detecting a moving, relatively thinbeam of laser light, and distinguishing between such a moving,relatively thin beam of laser light and an omni-directional pulse oflight, comprising the steps of: positioning a plurality ofphoto-detectors in a generally vertical row, each of said photo-detectorelements providing an electrical output when illuminated, positioning anadditional photo-detector at a point remote from said plurality ofphoto-detectors, providing a portion of the electrical output of eachphoto-detector in the row as a first reference signal related to thespacing of the photo-detector from a first end of the row, and providinga portion of the electrical output of each photo-detector in the row asa second reference signal related to the spacing of the photo-detectorfrom the second end of said row, providing the electrical output of saidadditional photo-detector as a third reference signal, and interpretinga third reference signal of sufficiently low amplitude as indicatingsimultaneous illumination of one or more of said photo-detectors in saidrow as illumination by a thin beam of laser light, and interpreting athird reference signal of sufficiently high amplitude as indicatingsimultaneous illumination of one or more of said photo-detectors in saidrow as illumination by an omni-directional pulse of light.
 2. The methodaccording to claim 1 in which the step of positioning an additionalphoto-detector at a point remote from said plurality of photo-detectorscomprises the step of positioning said additional photo-detector at apoint closer to said first end of said row than to said second end ofsaid row, and in which the step of interpreting further includes thestep of interpreting a third reference signal of sufficiently highamplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination of one or more of saidphoto-detectors in said row as illumination by an omni-directional pulseof light only if the first reference signal is less than a value set assubstantially four times the third reference signal and also the firstreference signal is less than a value set as substantially twice thesecond reference signal.
 3. The method according to claim 1, furthercomprising the step of determining the position of said beam of laserlight with respect to said row based on the levels of said first andsecond reference signals from said row of photo-detectors in the eventthat illumination of said photo-detectors by a moving, relatively thinbeam of laser light is indicated.
 4. The method according to claim 3,further comprising the step of displaying an indication of said positionof said beam of laser light with respect to said row.
 5. The methodaccording to claim 1, in which the step of positioning a plurality ofphoto-detectors includes the step of positioning a plurality of PINdiodes.
 6. The method according to claim 1, in which the step ofproviding a portion of the electrical output of each photo-detector inthe row as a first reference signal related to the spacing of thephoto-detector from a first end of the row, and providing a portion ofthe electrical output of each photo-detector in the row as a secondreference signal related to the spacing of the photo-detector from thesecond end of said array row includes the step of separating saidportions of said electrical outputs using a tapped transformer with eachof said plurality of photo-detectors being connected to saidtransformer.
 7. A method for detecting a moving, thin beam of laserlight, and distinguishing between such a moving, thin beam of laserlight and an omni-directional pulse of light, comprising the steps of:providing a plurality of photo-detectors which produce first and secondreference signals indicative of the vertical position of the thin beamof laser light with respect to the upper and lower limits of detectionof said plurality of photo-detectors, positioning an additionalphoto-detector at a point remote from said plurality of photo-detectors,providing a first reference signal related to the spacing of the thinbeam of laser light from the upper limit of detection of said pluralityof photo-detectors, and providing a second reference signal related tothe spacing of the thin beam of laser light from the lower limit ofdetection of said plurality of photo-detectors, providing the electricaloutput of said additional photo-detector as a third reference signal,and interpreting a third reference signal of sufficiently low amplitudeas indicating simultaneous illumination of said plurality ofphoto-detectors as illumination by a thin beam of laser light, andinterpreting a third reference signal of sufficiently high amplitude asindicating simultaneous illumination of said plurality ofphoto-detectors as illumination by an omni-directional pulse of light.8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising the step ofdetermining the position of said beam of laser light with respect tosaid upper and lower limits of detection based on the levels of saidfirst and second reference signals from said plurality ofphoto-detectors in the event that illumination of said plurality ofphoto-detectors by a moving, relatively thin beam of laser light isindicated.
 9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising thestep of displaying an indication of said position of said beam of laserlight with respect to said upper and lower limits of detection.
 10. Themethod according to claim 7, in which the step of providing a pluralityof photo-detectors which produce first and second reference signalsindicative of the vertical position of the thin beam of laser light withrespect to the upper and lower limits of detection of said plurality ofphoto-detectors includes the steps of: positioning a plurality ofphoto-detectors in a generally vertical row extending between said upperand lower limits of detection, each of said photo-detector elementsproviding an electrical output when illuminated, and providing a portionof the electrical output of each photo-detector in the row as said firstreference signal related to the spacing of the photo-detector from afirst end of the row, and providing a portion of the electrical outputof each photo-detector in the row as said second reference signalrelated to the spacing of the photo-detector from the second end of saidrow.
 11. The method according to claim 7, in which the step of providinga plurality of photo-detectors which produce first and second referencesignals indicative of the vertical position of the thin beam of laserlight with respect to the upper and lower limits of detection of saidplurality of photo-detectors includes the steps of: providing first andsecond photo-detectors, which extend vertically between the upper andlower limits of detection, said first photo-detector being wideradjacent said upper limit of detection and narrower adjacent said lowerlimit of detection, and said second photo-detector being wider adjacentsaid lower limit of detection and narrower adjacent said upper limit ofdetection.
 12. A device for detecting a moving, relatively thin beam oflaser light, and distinguishing between illumination of photo-detectorsby such a moving, relatively thin beam of laser light, and illuminationof photo-detectors by an omni-directional pulse of light, comprising: aplurality of photo-detectors arranged in a generally vertical row, eachof said photo-detector elements providing an electrical output whenilluminated, a weighting circuit associated with said plurality ofphoto-detectors, said weighting circuit providing a portion of theelectrical output of each photo-detector as a first reference signalrelated to the spacing of the photo-detector from a first end of saidrow, and providing a portion of the electrical output of eachphoto-detector as a second reference signal related to the spacing ofthe photo-detector from a second end of said row, an additionalphoto-detector, positioned at a point remote from said plurality ofphoto-detectors, for providing an electrical output as a third referencesignal, circuitry, responsive to the reference signals, for interpretinga third reference signal of sufficiently low amplitude as indicatingsimultaneous illumination of one or more of said photo-detectors in saidrow as illumination by a thin beam of laser light, and interpreting athird reference signal of sufficiently high amplitude as indicatingsimultaneous illumination of one or more of said photo-detectors in saidrow as illumination by an omni-directional pulse of light.
 13. A devicefor detecting a moving, relatively thin beam of laser light, anddistinguishing between illumination of photo-detectors by such a moving,relatively thin beam of laser light, and illumination of photo-detectorsby an omni-directional pulse of light, according to claim 12, in whichsaid additional photo-detector is positioned at a point closer to saidfirst end of said row than to said second end of said row, and in whichsaid circuitry interprets a third reference signal of sufficiently highamplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination of one or more of saidphoto-detectors in said row as illumination by an omni-directional pulseof light only if the first reference signal is less than a value set atapproximately four times the third reference signal and also the firstreference signal is less than a value set at approximately twice thesecond reference signal.
 14. A device for detecting a moving, relativelythin beam of laser light, and distinguishing between illumination ofphoto-detectors by such a moving, relatively thin beam of laser light,and illumination of photo-detectors by an omni-directional pulse oflight, according to claim 12, in which said circuitry further determinesthe position of said beam of laser light with respect to said row basedon the levels of said first and second reference signals from said rowof photo-detectors in the event that illumination of saidphoto-detectors by a moving, relatively thin beam of laser light isindicated.
 15. A device for detecting a moving, relatively thin beam oflaser light, and distinguishing between illumination of photo-detectorsby such a moving, relatively thin beam of laser light, and illuminationof photo-detectors by an omni-directional pulse of light, according toclaim 12, in which said photo-detector elements comprise PIN diodes. 16.A device for detecting a moving, relatively thin beam of laser light,and distinguishing between illumination of photo-detectors by such amoving, relatively thin beam of laser light, and illumination ofphoto-detectors by an omni-directional pulse of light, according toclaim 12, in which said weighting circuit comprises a tapped transformercircuit with each of said plurality of photo-detectors being connectedto said tapped transformer circuit.
 17. A device for detecting a moving,relatively thin beam of laser light, and distinguishing betweenillumination of photo-detectors by such a moving, relatively thin beamof laser light, and illumination of photo-detectors by anomni-directional pulse of light, comprising: first and secondphoto-detectors which extend vertically between the upper and lowerlimits of detection, said first photo-detector being wider adjacent saidupper limit of detection and narrower adjacent said lower limit ofdetection, and said second photo-detector being wider adjacent saidlower limit of detection and narrower adjacent said upper limit ofdetection, said first and second photo-detectors providing first andsecond reference signals indicative of the vertical position of the thinbeam of laser light with respect to the upper and lower limits ofdetection, an additional photo-detector, positioned at a point remotefrom said first and second photo-detectors, for providing an electricaloutput as a third reference signal, circuitry, responsive to thereference signals, for interpreting a third reference signal ofsufficiently low amplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination ofone or more of said photo-detectors in said row as illumination by athin beam of laser light, and interpreting a third reference signal ofsufficiently high amplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination ofone or more of said photo-detectors in said row as illumination by anomni-directional pulse of light.
 18. A device for detecting a moving,relatively thin beam of laser light, and distinguishing betweenillumination of photo-detectors by such a moving, relatively thin beamof laser light, and illumination of photo-detectors by anomni-directional pulse of light, according to claim 17, in which saidadditional photo-detector is positioned at a point closer to said upperlimit of detection than to said lower limit of detection, and in whichsaid circuitry interprets a third reference signal of sufficiently highamplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination by an omni-directionalpulse of light only if the first reference signal is less than a valueset at approximately four times the third reference signal and also thefirst reference signal is less than a value set at approximately twicethe second reference signal.
 19. A device for detecting a moving,relatively thin beam of laser light, and distinguishing betweenillumination of photo-detectors by such a moving, relatively thin beamof laser light, and illumination of photo-detectors by anomni-directional pulse of light, said device comprising: a plurality ofphoto-detectors generally arranged in a row, said plurality ofphoto-detector elements providing a plurality of electrical outputs whenilluminated; an additional photo-detector, positioned at a point remotefrom said plurality of photo-detectors, for providing an additionalelectrical output when illuminated; a plurality of amplifier circuitsassociated with said plurality of photo-detectors, said plurality ofamplifier circuits receiving said plurality of electrical outputs andgenerating a plurality of reference signals that are indicative of aposition where a relatively thin beam of laser light strikes saidplurality of photo-detectors; an additional amplifier circuit associatedwith said additional photo-detector, said additional amplifier circuitreceiving said additional electrical output and generating an additionalreference signal; and circuitry, responsive to said plurality ofreference signals and said additional reference signal, which: (a)determines if an amplitude of said additional reference signal indicatesa simultaneous illumination of said plurality of photo-detectors in saidrow by a relatively thin beam of laser light, and (b) determines if anamplitude of said additional reference signal indicates a simultaneousillumination of said plurality of photo-detectors in said row by anomni-directional pulse of light.
 20. The device according to claim 19,further comprising: a weighting circuit between said plurality ofphoto-detectors and said plurality of amplifier circuits, if there aremore than two individual photo-detectors of said plurality ofphoto-detectors.
 21. The device according to claim 19, wherein saidcircuitry that is responsive to said plurality of reference signals andsaid additional reference signal comprises a processor circuit.
 22. Thedevice according to claim 21, further comprising a display thatindicates whether the relatively thin beam of laser light was above,below, or within a centered reference band.
 23. A device for detecting amoving, relatively thin beam of laser light, and distinguishing betweenillumination of photo-detectors by such a moving, relatively thin beamof laser light, and illumination of photo-detectors by anomni-directional pulse of light, said device comprising: a plurality ofphoto-detectors generally arranged in a row, said plurality ofphoto-detector elements providing a plurality of electrical outputs whenilluminated; an additional photo-detector, positioned at a point remotefrom said plurality of photo-detectors, for providing an additionalelectrical output when illuminated; a plurality of amplifier circuitsassociated with said plurality of photo-detectors, said plurality ofamplifier circuits receiving said plurality of electrical outputs andgenerating a plurality of reference signals that are indicative of aposition where a relatively thin beam of laser light strikes saidplurality of photo-detectors; an additional amplifier circuit associatedwith said additional photo-detector, said additional amplifier circuitreceiving said additional electrical output and generating an additionalreference signal; and circuitry, responsive to said plurality ofreference signals and said additional reference signal, which: (a)interprets an additional reference signal of sufficiently low amplitudeas indicating simultaneous illumination of said plurality ofphoto-detectors in said row as illumination by a relatively thin beam oflaser light, and (b) interprets an additional reference signal ofsufficiently high amplitude as indicating simultaneous illumination ofsaid plurality of photo-detectors in said row as illumination by anomni-directional pulse of light.
 24. The device according to claim 23,further comprising: a weighting circuit between said plurality ofphoto-detectors and said plurality of amplifier circuits, if there aremore than two individual photo-detectors of said plurality ofphoto-detectors.
 25. The device according to claim 23, wherein saidcircuitry that is responsive to said plurality of reference signals andsaid additional reference signal comprises a processor circuit.
 26. Thedevice according to claim 25, further comprising a display thatindicates whether the relatively thin beam of laser light was above,below, or within a centered reference band.